Modelo de fiabilidad y validez de la fuerza competitiva del mercado “Amenaza de entrantes potenciales” : una aproximación desde el sector financiero colombiano*
Thesis
AbstractThe aim of the following document is to verify the fulfilment of the concepts proposed by Michael Porter regarding the force threat of new entrants and its surrounding factors, in order to analyse and comprehend competitiveness as the main characteristic of the industrial sector strategies. Using data of the year 2015, we propose a model that provides empiric evidence regarding the structuring of the barriers to entry in the Colombian financial sector, and in consequence, allows us to explore the pertinence of each conceptual framework in the mentioned sector.This study used the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) as the statistical method, in order to analyse the validity of each proposed factor and to demonstrate that each of the chosen variables for capital requirement, access to distribution channels and product differentiation, present a high internal consistency, and on the other hand, that the factors of economies of scale, switching costs and governmental policy, do not show acceptable coefficients.As main findings of this research, It became evident that the economies of scale factor are the one that generates the largest contribution to the model, which shows that if one financial company manages to overcome or influence this barrier to entry, it will also directly affect the factors of product differentiation, switching costs, and access to distribution channels. The factor that contributes the least in the presented model is the governmental policy factor, mainly because its impact on the competitive strategy is a more of a medium and long term influence.
