La influencia del utopismo renacentista en la consolidación de la identidad internacional de Hispanoamérica. Estudio de caso : Tomaso de Campanella y la Teología de la Liberación
Thesis
The discovery of America meant the widening of the mental horizons that held renaissance Europeans about the universe. The existence of a New World produced the need, among philosophers and writers, of creating imaginary societies that were to be implanted beyond the ocean as ideals of perfection or utopias. This current of utopist creators that promised to build a virtuous America, free of the vices that plagued a worn Europe, known today as the Renaissance Utopism, sealed forever the historic fate of the Hispanic America. The New World would be, from its earliest colonization, the melting pot of human longings, and the origin itself of utopias. Phenomena such as caudillismo, populism, Liberation Theology, among others, deeply enrooted in the Hispano-American spirit, may be also understood from the perspective of the utopist character of the continent, and thus, utopism becomes a fundamental feature of the international identity of Hispanic America. The case of Liberation Theology is analyzed in the light of the work of the Italian philosopher Tommaso Campanella, The City of the Sun, where aspects such as communitarism, religion as source of the politic, and the establishment of ideals of social perfection are a fundamental part of the identitary essence of the Spanish America.
