Peripheral vascular disease and varicose veins of lower limbs are considered one of the most prevalent conditions, with a significant morbidity, impaired quality of life, and significant demand of health resources, which in most cases requires surgical treatment. This study analyzes what risk factors, including surgical technique, are associated with the presence of surgical site infection in 257 patients who received varicosaphenectomy. Methods: It was conducted a retrospective cohort study; data were collected from clinical and surgical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria, recording risk factors, surgical description, complications, and postoperative evolution up to 8 weeks. Statistical analysis was made by calculating relative risk and binomial logistic regression. Results: It was proved an association between the presence of surgical site infection and surgical technique with a RR = 3.05 (P = 0.01), CEAP classification with 29% less risk in total varicosaphenectomy (P = 0.008), but the association of pooled risk factors was not statistically significant. Conclusions: There are clinical and surgical variables that influence the likelihood of developing surgical site infection.
