Prevalencia de neumoconiosis y su relación con medidas de higiene y seguridad industrial y niveles ambientales de carbón en minería subterránea en el departamento de Cundinamarca - Colombia, 2015
Thesis
Introduction: Exposure in underground mines to high levels of coal dust is related to pulmonary diseases. Objetive: To determine the prevalence of pneumoconiosis, hygiene and safety and environmental standards related to coal miners tunneled in Cundinamarca. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study, 215 workers selected by stratified probability sampling with proportional allocation. Environmental monitoring, chest X-rays and surveys with personal and occupational variables are performed. Measures of central tendency and dispersion and the independence test Pearson chi-square test or exact, in order to establish the associations were used. Results: 99. 5% of the population belongs to the male, 36. 7% were between 41-50 years, with an average age of 21. 70 ± 9. 99 work. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis was 42. 3% and the median concentration of bituminous coal dust was 2. 329670 mg/m3. The risk index of coal dust significant differences in the categories of low (p=0. 0001) and medium (p=0. 0186) with the prevalence of pneumoconiosis. 84. 2% reported not wear a mask. No differences between carbon levels (p=0. 194) with the prevalence of pneumoconiosis are presented. Conclusions: Pneumoconiosis prevalence of 42. 3% was found in Cundinamarca. It is required to have effective hygiene and industrial safety to control the risk to which they are exposed coal miners by inhaling coal dust.
