Objective: Evaluate the impact of maternal and perinatal factors: pre-pregnancy weight, presence of hypertension, diabetes and smoking, birth weight and breastfeeding time and development of overweight and obesity in children aged 5 to 10 years in a population Bogotá. Materials and methods: We conducted a case-control design unpaired, including 528 children with their mothers with a ratio 1:2, who were identified as described, and relevant postnatal factors: diet, exercise and screen time. Was analyzed with a binomial logistic regression model the importance of each to the pathology Results: We found a higher prevalence of cases in strata 1 and 2 compared with the other strata (p = 0.034). There were also differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in mothers of cases (27%, P = 0.01), increased caloric intake in the control group (42.9% vs. 30.9%, p = 0.04). n the logistic regression model found that the factors that showed statistical significance were a birth weight greater than 2500 g OR 2.31 (95% :1,13-4, 78 p = 0.021), pre-pregnancy BMI> 25 OR 3.42 (95% :1,42-8: 29 p = 0.06), weight7.5 kg at first year OR 2.77 (CI 95%: 1 ,11-2, 78 p = 0.028) and caloric intake from 600 to 1900 calories / day OR 1.58 (95%:1,06-2: 35 p = 0.02). Conclusions: risk factors for development of childhood obesity were, the progression to a higher percentile in weight before pregnancy, birth and first year of life.
