Características de los accidentes laborales en trabajadores de empresas afiliadas a una Administradora de Riesgos Laborales (ARL) en Colombia 2013 a 2016
Thesis
Introduction: The International Labor Organization reports that in the world every 15 seconds 153 workers suffer from work accidents (WA) and one dies from WA or occupational diseases. Since 2011 Colombia has stable rates of occupational accidents, with a tendency to increase days of disability due to accidents and fatal events, which makes it necessary to carry out studies to find out about the problem. Objective: To characterize the WA of workers of companies affiliated to a Colombian ARL, by variables of time, economic activity, region, sociodemographic, type of accident, injury and part of the affected body. Methodology: Descriptive study of WA initially with 851.295 WA, in workers from 18 to 62 years old in all economic sectors at a national level between 2013 and 2016. Results: Between 2013 and 2016 there were 828,300 WA that meet inclusion criteria, a rate of 8% in the period and 9.4%, 9.1%, 8.3% and 7.7% each year, respectively, with a predominance in September and on Tuesdays. The economic sectors with the greatest number were personnel services with 27% and construction 20%; by region occurred mainly in Antioquia 28% and Bogotá, D.C. 20%, 18% were due to level falls, 14% blows and 13% due to cargo handling. The average age of the victims was 36.5 years, 73% men, an average of 8 days of disability, predominance of non-disabling WA, 44.6% and 96% required ambulatory care. The most commonly affected part of the body was the hand with 26%. Conclusions: WA rates in the ARL show a tendency to reduce, in contrast to the national rates that remain stable. Preventive work of WA finger-in-hand, in sectors of services and construction. The present investigation should be complemented with longitudinal studies of fatal WA, serious and root causes.
