Introduction: Increased bacterial resistance, inappropriate use of antibiotics and empirical formulations in urinary infections, undertake to establish the epidemiology and resistance of our environment.Method: We reviewed all positive urine cultures (greater RUFC 100000) requested in JAVESALUD between June/2011 and marzo/2012 and corresponding medical records in order to perform descriptive analysis of demographic variables, isolates and bacterial resistance. Subsequent studies identified risk factors that favor the emergence of multidrug resistance in patients using a binary logistic regression. Results: 204 urine cultures were obtained, corresponding to 120 patients. 87% were women (mean age 58.9 years). The isolated bacterium: E. coli (64%). Antibiotic resistance was: 57.39% ampicillin, ciprofloxacin 28.9%, 9.71% nitrofurantoin and TMP / SMX 32.47%. Multidrug resistance (24.3%) showed association with a history of multiple treatments received (p 0.015) and recurrent urinary tract infections (p 0.005).Discussion: The gender and resistance are similar to those reported in the literature, however, the frequency of E. coli is lower than that reported. High levels of multidrug resistance are related to the type of patients treated at the institution. The empirical dealings with nitrofurantoin should be limited to patients who comply fully with the diagnostic criteria of UTI simple. The urine culture is essential in the management of patients with recurrent infections who received multiple treatments and to repeatedly consult the general practitioner service.
