Incidencia de cardiotoxicidad posterior al tratamiento con antraciclinas en pacientes con cáncer de seno y linfoma en la Fundación Cardio-Infantil durante los años 2014-2018
Thesis
Introduction: Breast cancer and lymphomas constitute a group of malignant neoplasms with a high prevalence worldwide and nationally. Anthracyclines are the mainstay of chemotherapy for breast cancer and lymphomas. However, they are associated with the development of multiple adverse effects, including the development of cardiotoxicity. The objective of this study is to estimate the Incidence of in patients with Lymphoma and breast cancer, treated with anthracyclines, between 2014 and 2018 at the Fundación cardio infantil. Methods: Descriptive study of adult patients treated with anthracyclines. Cardiotoxicity was considered to be a decrease greater than 10% in LVEF after treatment with anthracyclines. Bivariate analyzes were performed between the presence of cardiotoxicity and the history of the participants. Results: A total of 53 patients were included (24 cases of breast cancer and 29 of lymphoma) and an incidence of cardiotoxicity in lymphoma patients treated with anthracyclines of 31% (CI-95%: 16.5% -50 , 6%) and in patients with breast cancer 13.6% (4.2% -36.5%). An association was observed between the development of cardiotoxicity and factors such as: age older than 55 years, history of arterial hypertension, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, smoking, total dose of anthracyclines greater than or equal to 400 mg and duration of treatment greater than or equal to 70 days. Conclusion: The development of this adverse effect should be monitored in all patients under treatment with anthracyclines, especially in patients with comorbidities.
