Estudio piloto: exploración de los determinantes séricos metabólicos de la densidad mamográfica como factor de riesgo de cáncer de mama, en mujeres tamizadas en un hospital de referencia en Bogotá, 2021
Thesis
Breast cancer (BC) risk assessment is essential when moving towards personalized detection and a reduction in morbidity and mortality rates. Mammographic density (MD) improves risk prediction models; however, discriminatory accuracy remains limited at the individual level. Serum metabolic differences according to the percentage of MD could represent a useful risk identification tool in clinical practice. Objective: To explore the serum metabolic determinants of mammographic density as a risk factor for breast cancer, in women screened at a reference hospital in Bogotá, in the year 2021. Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out, with an analytical component. A pilot metabolomics approach was used to obtain a global picture of the metabolic alterations that occur at different levels of BC risk by mammographic density. Samples were analyzed by GC-MS. Differences between group profiles were assessed with UVA and MVA. Results: In the multivariate models we found significant differences in the comparison between the low and high-risk groups (Q2=0.511, R2=0.545). The metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, carboxylic acids, tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan were the differentiating metabolites between the low and high-risk group. Conclusion: The most important metabolic pathway in the discrimination of risk groups was the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, demonstrating that there are metabolites with a good capacity to determine a high risk for MD.
