Efectos del entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad (HIFT), sobre el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2 Max ) y sus implicaciones sobre la salud en población adulta: una revisión sistemática
Thesis
High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is a type of high-intensity training that involves exercises and multi-joint movements; It can also be found in specialized literature such as: high intensity multimodal training (HIMT) or Crossfit® (CR) and they are types of training derived from HIFT. The objectives of these workouts are to improve the following capabilities: cardiovascular and respiratory endurance, localized muscular endurance, strength, flexibility, power, coordination, agility, balance, and precision. These workouts integrate sports disciplines and exercise methodologies such as weight lifting (weightlifting), gymnastics and cardiovascular exercise into their planning. In addition, in recent years this modality has been so widely accepted that it has become popular among the population, increasing the prevalence of people who practice any type of discipline derived from HIFT. This may be due to the fact that HIFT combats one of the main barriers that prevent the practice of physical exercise, which is lack of time. Along the same lines, some studies have reported that high intensity functional training can generate changes in parameters such as: body composition (body fat, lean mass, waist circumference), functional strength parameters, quality of life and physiological parameters ( blood pressure, glucose and heart rate). In the same way, it seems that an intervention with HIFT can impact on VO2max, which is considered a reliable and quite important indicator to measure physical condition and cardiovascular function. Also, evidence has shown that VO2max is an indicator of longevity; hinting that a high oxygen consumption decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease, impacting on health benefits. Therefore, and understanding VO2max as a parameter of functionality, health and longevity, it is important to deepen and analyze whether this parameter can increase significantly with some type of high intensity functional training, since it is not clear whether an intervention with HIFT has significant effects on VO2max, due to inconsistencies regarding the effect of HIFT on oxygen consumption, since from a general perspective the results reported by some studies appear to be heterogeneous and a trend towards statistical significance is not clear.
