Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that causes high mortality in adults, with a significantly higher incidence in low- and middle-income countries. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent, affecting 1.7 billion people globally. Antibiotic resistance has increased, limiting treatment options. WHO has implemented the “End TB” strategy (2016-2035), focusing on prevention, patient-centered care, and community empowerment. Methodology and Results: A scoping review on community health and TB in Latin America was conducted. Clinical trials, cohort and case-control studies published in the last 10 years in English, Spanish or Portuguese were included. We searched for studies in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and BVS. Fourteen studies were selected for detailed analysis. The studies were mostly from Brazil, Dominican Republic and Peru. Most were qualitative in design, addressing problem identification (57.4%), intervention implementation (21.4%), and outcome evaluation (14.1%). Community participation in improving TB detection and treatment was highlighted and although economic and social barriers persist, Family Health strategies showed efficacy in reducing TB incidence. Conclusions: The review highlights the need for community-based interventions for TB control in Latin America. Although there are limitations in the quality of some studies, the findings underline the importance of inclusive and well-funded health policies. Further research is crucial to evaluate and improve TB control strategies in the region, involving communities in the process.
