Desarrollo de competencias en medicina basada en la evidencia (MBE) en residentes de medicina de emergencias: un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo del desempeño
Thesis
Introduction: Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) is fundamental to modern clinical practice, integrating the best available scientific evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. Training in EBM is crucial in medical programs, particularly in emergencies, where quick and well-informed decisions are vital. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and perception of EBM competency training among residents of the Emergency Medicine program at Universidad del Rosario, using quantitative and qualitative methods to measure performance. Methods: A mixed methodology with a sequential explanatory design was used. First, a standardized evaluation of the target population was conducted using the FRESNO test implemented on 23 residents. Then, a qualitative analysis supported by grounded theory was carried out to explore the context and dynamics of the course in depth. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants (3 faculty members, 3 graduates, and 4 residents) to analyze perceptions of the development of EBM competency. Results: The results of the Fresno Test showed variability in EBM competency levels among different years of residency. First and second-year residents showed better performance compared to third and fourth-year residents, indicating a decline in performance as training progresses. The qualitative analysis revealed significant barriers to the effective application of EBM, such as time limitations, resources, and specific training. Participants emphasized the need for a more structured approach and dedicated resources for teaching EBM. Conclusions: It is essential to strengthen EBM training with appropriate pedagogical strategies and resources. Interventions should focus particularly on the final years of residency to ensure all residents acquire the necessary skills for evidence-based practice. The findings provide a basis for improving the curriculum and assessment methods in the Emergency Medicine program at Universidad del Rosario.
