Caracterización de la discapacidad cognitiva y certificación de los integrantes de la Corporación Transición Es Crecer, progama OAT en Bogotá, 2022
Thesis
Cognitive or intellectual disability encompasses the most general category of neurodevelopmental disorders, and is defined as a group of conditions that begin early in development, generally before the start of school, and that are characterized by a deficit that causes difficulties. personal-social academic or occupational functioning. The ICF International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health aims to establish a standard and international framework and language to describe health and the dimensions related to it. It consists of three essential components; The first of them, body functions and structures, has to do with physiological/psychological functions and anatomical elements, and it is their absence or alteration that we conceive as deficiencies in functions and structures. The second component, the activity, refers to the individual execution of tasks and the difficulties that a person has to carry them out are the limitations. The third component, participation, refers to the development of social situations and the problems that the individual experiences in such development constitute the restrictions. Characterize, classify and encourage certification in accordance with the CIF, to members of the Corporación Transición Es Crecer, in a condition of cognitive disability, provides information on the diagnosis allowing for an approach focused on functioning and functionality individually, as well as on the impact of the disability, allowing each case to be differentiated in a particular way .. Using a semi-structured interview, the functions and structures related to vision, hearing, body perception, voice and speech, neurovascular system, central nervous system, and mental functions were assessed according to the ICF components. Likewise, with a semi-structured interview, the family was discussed with resolution 113 of 2020 and the disability certification in accordance with it. Among the results, it stands out that 64.8% of the members of the TransitionEs Crecer corporation are male, 35.1% are female; 78.3% were born in the city of Bogotá, and 21.7% in different cities of Colombia Regarding personal medical history, the members of the corporation have related syndromatic diagnoses in 54.05% of which the most frequent is the autism spectrum followed by Down syndrome, 75.6% of the members have visual alterations, of which 39.2% have mixed alterations, referring to the presence of two alterations and 7.14% have even more fingers. On the other hand, 45.94% use medicated glasses. 40.5% reported having some alteration in hearing; without cases where the commitment is mixed. The 37 interviewed members refer alteration in mental functions, with association of more than one; the most frequent is the difficulty for complex tasks which is present in 83.7% of the members; followed by the difficulty to perform calculations, as well as to maintain attention and concentrate which are present in 75.67% of the members. 94.5% did not have disability certification according to resolution 113/2020; and only 10.3% have started the process to obtain it. The most frequent reason for not having or not having started the certification process is ignorance of the existence of this document in 83.7% of cases, added to ignorance of the route to obtain it.
