Factores Genéticos y no genéticos asociados a la severidad clínica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y COVID-19 prolongado en una muestra de la población colombiana
Thesis
Introduction: There is a heterogeneous response to SARS-CoV-2 infection given by interindividual variability mediated by clinical, viral and genetic factors of the host. Few studies at the Latin American level have explored the involvement of genetic variants in the phenotypic variability of the evolution and outcomes of this disease. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the association of clinical and genetic factors with the severity of COVID-19 and the presence of prolonged COVID-19. Methodology: Using a case-control methodological design (n = 112; 1:1). Clinical, sociodemographic, and genetic variables were collected through surveys, clinical history, and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The association of clinical variables and 81 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with severity of COVID-19 and presence of prolonged COVID-19 was determined. Significant variables were used to build a predictive model of COVID-19 severity and prolonged COVID-19. Results and discussion: In accordance with previous reports, clinical variables such as male sex, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cough, dyspnea, among others, exhibited a statistically significant association with the severity of COVID-19. Several SNPs presented a significant association with severity, such as rs11385942 (p<0.01; OR=10.88; 95% CI=1.36-86.51), rs10490770 (p<0.01; OR=9.699; 95% CI=1.20-77.89), rs35081325 ( p<0.01; OR=9.699; 95% CI=1.20-77.89) and rs73064425 (p<0.01; OR=9.699; 95% CI=1.20-77.89). Multiple respiratory and systemic symptoms present during the infection were associated with the presence of prolonged COVID-19, as were some SNPs such as IL10RB gene rs8178521 (p<0.01; OR=2.51; 95% CI=1.27-4.94). It was illustrated that mixed models that integrate clinical and genetic variables have the best predictive power.
