EFFECT OF A MULTI-COMPONENT EXERCISE PROGRAM ON THE COGNITIVE FUNCTION, THE PHYSICAL CONDITION AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN WOMEN SURVIVORS OF BREAST CANCER OF BOGOTA, COLOMBIA
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abstract
According to the World Health Organization, 15.3% of the 18,400 annual deaths reported in women are mainly due to breast cancer. Likewise, in 2012 it was established that breast cancer is the most diagnosed in women (25.2% of the total), which has the highest incidence compared to other types of cancer in this population (43.3 per 100,000 ). The American Association against Cancer and various studies have established that 21% of all deaths associated with breast cancer in the world is due to modifiable risk factors such as alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, and inactivity physicalFaced with the management of this disease, it has been shown that women with a diagnosis of breast cancer have complications in terms of loss of strength and muscle mass, fatigue, alterations at cardiovascular level, reduced mobility, sexual dysfunction, changes metabolic and deterioration of cognitive function after treatment, which leads to a serious commitment to the quality of life of these people.With respect to mental health, changes of 15-75% of cognitive function have been reported in women survivors of breast cancer after treatment, generating a progressive deterioration in functions such as memory, processing speed, verbal and visual ability, generating a negative impact on the quality of life of these. Likewise, these people experience various negative emotions such as anger, fear, depression, fatigue, anxiety, stress and low self-esteem, which added to the development of sarcopenia (loss of progressive muscle mass), problems of attention, concentration and memory, compromise social behavior and the lifestyle of these people, which affects aspects of treatment such as the adherence rate and may even compromise therapeutic success and eventually, survival.In this sense, systematic reviews such as those developed by Mishra et al. have established that physical exercise improves the quality of life in cancer patients. Similarly, studies such as those developed by Schaffrath et al. And Fiuza- Luces et al. They have concluded that physical exercise generates beneficial effects in the reduction of systemic inflammation and fatigue associated with the disease, in addition to improving the functioning of the central nervous system, cardiorespiratory and skeletal muscle affected by cancer. Also, studies such as the one developed by Cooke et al. They have suggested that moderate intensity physical activity can reduce the risk associated with the treatment of breast cancer, modifying the integrity of cerebral white matter and cognitive deterioration.
