Introduction: According to WHO in 2011, 536.000 women died worldwide from causes related to pregnancy and delivery; Colombia had high rates of maternal mortality (UNFPA, 2010); while Casanare reported four cases in 2009, and Yopal in 2010 reached a rate of 66,5 per 100.000 NV (Development Plan Yopal municipality); therefore it seeks to identify factors affecting adherence to prenatal care. Methods: Observational study of analytical prevalence realized with dates of pregnant women from Yopal (Casanare) channeled through collective interventions 2011, with a sample of 621 pregnant women in the weeks gestation 8,12,16,20,24,28,32,36, 38 and 40 Results: The adherence to prenatal care was 15% and the factors which showed statistically significant association with adherence were prenatal health regimen (P = 0.010); week of gestation (p = 0.000); trimester of pregnancy, previous abortions, financial support (OR = 1.738, CI = 95%; 1026-2945); planned pregnancy, familial support, satisfaction of sharing time and space with spouse (p = 0.009, 0.001, 0.006); living with mother's family (P = 0.032), likelihood ratio 0.046 and OR = 0.444 value; CI = 95%; 0208-0948; and were identified barriers as appointments innapropiated and dissatisfaction with services, where 98,9% of pregnant women whose did not find such barriers had adherence to prenatal care. Conclusión: Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen programs to promote maternal health, prenatal care, teen pregnancy prevention and women's rights; strengthening surveillance actions to reduce barriers assurance services and quality of the services.
