Caracterización de pacientes entre 0 y 17 años con diagnóstico de inmunodeficiencias primarias atendidos en la Fundación Cardio-Infantil Instituto de Cardiología
Thesis
Introduction: Primary immunodeficiencies are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that generate a dysfunction of the immune system and, when not diagnosed early, generate high morbidity and mortality, therefore, they must be identified early. In Colombia, there is little information on the characteristics of immunodeficiencies. Objective: To describe the sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of pediatric patients cared for at the Fundación Cardio-Infantil de Bogotá. Methodology: Observational descriptive cross-sectional study based on a retrospective review of the medical records of pediatric patients of the Fundación Cardio-Infantil. A description of the qualitative variables was made using percentages and the quantitative variables, after performing normality tests, using the measures of central tendency. Results: A total of 71 patients were included in the period included from January 2014 to December 2018 who had a diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency. 29.6% were identified as women and the remaining men. The average age of the included patients was 7.5 years (SD 3.7 years) and most had specific antibody deficiency (25.3%), followed by combined immunodeficiency (8.9%) and unclassified immunodeficiency. (7.6%). The history of serious infections, such as sepsis, meningitis, among others, occurred in 64.7% and in exams it was confirmed that the highest proportion of patients had antibody deficiency (31.7%). On average, the patients lasted without diagnosis for 2.25 years and the time from diagnosis to the start of treatment was a maximum of 6.33 years, however, most of the patients were below the year to start treatment and only 3 patients it took more than a year. Conclusion: Patients with primary immunodeficiencies are diagnosed late and the treatment is heterogeneous among them. Additionally, most patients have infectious outcomes and associated comorbidities that worsen the prognosis.
