El Tratado de Libre Comercio (Estados Unidos-Colombia) y su relación con la malnutrición en Colombia y en niños menores de 5 años en Bogotá en el periodo 2005 a 2019
Thesis
This research seeks to identify changes in the prevalence of obesity and malnutrition, proportion of deaths attributed to obesity, daily caloric supply per person, mortality rate from obesity in Colombia, proportion of excess weight and global malnutrition in children under 5 years in Bogotá, related to products imported from the United States (USA) from 2005 to 2019, taking as a reference the implementation of the Colombia-USA Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in 2012. An ecological study and a critical policy analysis are carried out, establishing the breaking point years of each of the variables to determine if they are close to the implementation of the FTA and a Pearson correlation is made between the variables. As a result, an annual progressive increase in the proportion of obesity and deaths attributed to obesity in Colombia related to higher expenditure on imports is identified. There is also evidence of a decrease in malnutrition in Bogotá and Colombia, finding a decreasing correlation with respect to food imported from the USA, it should be clarified that there are other variables such as government policies, social determinants of health, food quality, etc., which affect the results. Finally, the changes produced in the BMI of a population may not be evidenced in an accelerated way at the time of signing the FTA, since they occur over time, for this reason other analyzes must be done in successive years with different research methods.
