Prevalencia de pérdida involuntaria de orina en pacientes en postoperatorio de adenomectomía prostática, Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, 2021
Thesis
Introduction: The most common urological pathology in men is benign prostatic hyperplasia affecting 50% above the age of 50 years (7,8). One of the treatment options is prostate adenomectomy and one of its main complications is involuntary urine loss, which has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients (2,3). This is related to multiple factors and comorbidities of the patient. Objective: To describe the prevalence of involuntary urine leakage in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent surgery with prostatic adenomectomy for the first time at the Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, between January and December 2021. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed, identifying all patients who underwent prostatic adenomectomy for management of lower urinary obstructive symptomatology in a fourth level hospital in Bogota. Patients with complete records in the institutional medical history and a follow-up appointment at least 6 months after surgery were included. Patients with a history of involuntary urine loss recorded in the clinical history prior to the procedure, those patients with findings of malignant pathology and with a history of pelvic radiotherapy were excluded. The information was collected in the RedCap platform, after authorization from the institutional ethics committee for the development of the research. The database was audited to reduce the amount of missing data and was exported to the Jamovi application version 2.3.21 where the statistical analysis was performed. Quantitative variables were described according to their normality, evaluated by the Shapiro Wilk test, in measures of central tendency and qualitative variables were described in frequency tables. Subsequently, the data were tabulated in Excel. Results: A total of 107 patients were evaluated. A prevalence of involuntary urine leakage of 24% was found. The average age was 68.4 years, the main indication for surgery was failure of medical management, most of the patients who presented involuntary urine leakage were taken to open surgery and had a prostate size greater than 80 gr. Conclusions: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in men. Knowing the factors that occur most frequently in patients who develop involuntary urine leakage after prostatic adenomectomy, such as overweight, prostate size > 80 grams and open surgical approach, provides valuable information to the patient about possible complications that may affect their quality of life. This is crucial when presenting a treatment plan and adjusting the expectations of both the treating physician and the patient.
