Introduction: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children. There are several studies in high-income countries regarding survival rate and its associated factors, but studies are lacking in upper-middle income countries, like Colombia. Objective: To establish the overall survival rate and to analyze its associated factors that negatively impact it. Methods: A descriptive case study of children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia who were treated at Fundación Cardioinfantil from 2007-2017 was carried out. Data obtained from case records of 72 patients was analyzed. Information regarding demographic profile, labs on diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were recorded on a database. Overall survival rate was determined and a cohort analysis was used to establish which factors affected it. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Associated factors were assessed using Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Analysis. The study was approved by the ethics committee. Results: Overall 10-year survival rate was 73.9%. LDH on diagnosis (P= 0,012), risk stratification (P= 0,013), treatment administered (P= 0,009), non adherence to treatment (P=0,000), second course of treatment due to relapse (P=0,000) and on multivariate analysis urban areas of origin (P=0,037) negatively impacted survival rate. Conclusions: Overall survival rate is comparable to national pediatric cancer reference centers. Future prospective studies that recognize other associated factors that potentially explain treatment failure are needed. This will enable new randomized controlled trials that may evaluate different and more targeted treatment protocols that Will improve overall survival rates in children with ALL.
publication date
February 23, 2021 9:21 PM
Research
keywords
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) in Children
Estimation of survival curves with the Kaplan-Meier method
Survival studies for ALL in upper-middle-income countries
