Introduction: With the increase in longevity and the world population, mortality from ischemic heart disease (EIC) and cerebrovascular disease (ECV) has been increasing in recent decades. Objectives: Our study aims to describe and compare mortality due to EIC and ECV in Colombia between 1995 and 2020. Methodology: Retrospective longitudinal ecological descriptive study, with data extracted from the DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística) of mortality from ECV and EIC in adults >20 years between 1995 and 2020. Mortality rates adjusted by age and gender were calculated for each disease. and comparative qualitative analysis was carried out between the two pathologies. Results: The Colombian population increased by 39% from 1995 to 2020, (165.2% in men and 187% in women), in those over 74 years of age. EIC was the leading cause of mortality until 2019 with the highest mortality rate (210,502) for the group of women over 74 years of age. In the study period, mortality rates showed an increase of 67% for EIC and a decrease of 17.5% for ECV, a difference that has been pronounced since 2010. Conclusion: In Colombia, between 1995 and 2020, a divergence was observed in mortality rates due to EIC and ECV, due to an increase in the former and a decrease in the latter, especially after 2010. More studies are required to evaluate the determinants. of this behavior and to be able to generate strategies to reduce mortality due to vascular disease.
