Introduction. Bronchiolitis is a highly prevalent disease with important morbimortality for infants, its management is based on hydration and oxygenation, without achieving standardization of therapy or anticipation of response; the introduction of the high-flow cannula (CAF) has a positive impact on outcomes, so it is necessary to establish the clinical and therapeutic behavior in our population. Methods. Observational, descriptive, retrospective cohort-type study of the population of patients aged 1-24 months with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis from January to December 2018, admitted for emergency care requiring oxygen therapy at the Fundación Cardioinfantil. Results. Predominantly male individuals between 4-8 months with Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection, with mild severity by Wood Downes Ferres scale and severe by IMCI, being mostly severe those who required CAF. The most prevalent risk factor was prematurity. Coinfection was infrequent but was higher in patients with CAF. The average hospital stay was three days and eleven days in patients with CAF, of which 60% were transferred to the PICU. The most used oxygen therapy device was conventional nasal cannula, successful in 90% of cases. Early complications due to bronchiolitis were infrequent, there was no mortality or complications in the use of CAF. Conclusions. Risk factors such as prematurity and comorbidities such as pneumopathy and immunodeficiency should be investigated, as well as co-infections and conventional nasal cannula failure. Further studies are needed on the use of this device as a second line and its management in the emergency department and pediatric hospitalization.
publication date
September 27, 2021 3:27 PM
Research
keywords
Analysis of the use of a high-flow cannula and oxygen therapy in infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Bronchiolitis
Characterization of treatment of bronchiolitis in pediatric patients
