Exposición laboral a sustancias químicas que actúan como disruptores endocrinos asociados con el desarrollo de cáncer, revisión sistemática de 2009 a 2019
Thesis
Introduction: Endocrine disruptors are substances that alter the functions of the endocrine system and can cause adverse health effects; In the occupational field there are several substances that behave as disruptors, one of the possible outcomes derived from its exposure is an increase in the risk of oncological pathologies arising from the endocrine system. Objective: To identify the chemical substances that act as endocrine disruptors, present in the workplace that can generate carcinogenic effects of the endocrine system. Materials and methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out, covering scientific publications of the last 10 years in the Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane databases, in Spanish and English languages, focused on the identification of economic activities and chemical substances in the environment occupational conditions that show an association between their exposure and cancer, specifically breast, thyroid, pancreas, prostate and testis. Results: Several references report possible relationships between the mentioned pathologies and different substances such as organochlorines with breast cancer (OR: 1.99, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.67), alkylphenols with breast cancer (OR: 1.23; 95% CI 1.01–1.48 ), pesticides with prostate cancer (HR: 1.10, 95% CI 0.97–1.25), insecticides with prostate cancer (OR: 1.83, 95% CI 1.12–3.00), heavy metals with prostate cancer (OR: 42.86, IC 95% 1,092–1,684) and thyroid (RR: 2.05, 95% CI 1.58–2.66), among others. In addition, occupations such as the automotive industry associated with breast cancer (OR: 2.68; 95% CI, 1.47-4.88), media such as agriculture and livestock associated with prostate cancer (HR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–) are highlighted. 1.42). Conclusion: Some studies did not show a significant association given the limitations such as non-specification of the substance involved, not determining the dose-response, no clarity with the actual exposure doses of the population studied. It is necessary to carry out more studies that contemplate these variables to clearly demonstrate the association and to be able to determine more precise surveillance measures.
