Resumen
- Objetivo: Describir aportes investigativos en Toxoplasmosis ocular, realizados en Colombia.Método: Revisión narrativa de la literatura entre 2007 y 2017 en Toxoplasmosis Ocular (TO) en Colombia, sobre aspectos relacionados con el parásito y con el hospedero. Se incluyeron las revisiones publicadas, así como todos los artículos originales relacionados con diversos temas: epidemiológicos, inmunológicos,clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos a través de PubMed usando los términos MeSH, con la siguiente sintaxis: “(((Colombia[Affi liation]) OR colombia[MeSHTerms]) OR south america[MeSH Terms]) AND “toxoplasmosis, ocular”[MeSHTerms] AND (“2007/01/01”[PDAT] : “2017/12/31”[PDAT]). Adicionalmente serealizaron búsquedas manuales.Resultados: En la búsqueda de la literatura con los términos MESH mencionados, se encontraron 36 artículos, distribuidos en el territorio con10 en Colombia y 26 en el resto de Suramérica. Se encontraron diferencias importantes relacionadas con el parásito y con el hospedero, al comparar.
- Purpose: To describe research contributions in ocular toxoplasmosisperformed in Colombia. Method: We conducted a narrative review of the literature on oculartoxoplasmosis (OT) in Colombia between 2007 and 2017 on aspects related tothe parasite and to the host. Published reviews were included, as well as all theoriginal articles related to various topics: epidemiological, immunological, clinical,diagnostic and therapeutic through PubMed using the MeSH terms, with thefollowing syntax: “(((Colombia [Affi liation]) OR colombia [MeSH Terms]) ORsouth america [MeSH Terms]) AND “toxoplasmosis, ocular” [MeSH Terms] AND(“2007/01/01” [PDAT]: “2017/12/31” [PDAT]). Hand searches were also conducted.Results: In the literature search with the MESH terms, 36 articles were found,distributed in the territory with 10 in Colombia and 26 in the rest of South America.Important diff erences were found in the relationship between the parasite and thehost when comparing Colombia with the rest of the world. Th e strains in Colombiaare more virulent (Type I / III and atypical) and we found a high prevalence ofpositive titers and development of OT in the country, with water and meat productsas one of the main means of contagion. Th e importance of peptides that triggeredthe humoral immune response in patients was determined. Signifi cant diff erenceswere found in the clinical severity (with Colombian patients experiencing agreater size of lesions, degree of infl ammation, macular involvement, bilateralinvolvement, and recurrences) related to the infl ammatory response produced inthe host, associated with a decrease in intraocular levels of IFN-γ / IL-17 and anincrease of IL-6 / Il-13. In Colombian patients, ocular cytokinome is related toclinical features, presenting a Th 2 response related to severe ocular involvement.Conclusion: Research contributions of OT in Colombia have been of globalimportance, allowing to know more about the type of parasite, the epidemiology,the clinical presentation, the immune response.